Osmosis Power Generation

 The need for energy sources, especially electrical energy, encouraging the emergence of many variations of the source of power. Moreover the pressure to create environmentally friendly power source, be one motivating factor to find energy sources other than fossil fuels. One that is currently busy with the concept of renewable energy plants that are already developed in many countries - developed countries. One part of the renewable energy power plants use osmosis energy techniques will be discussed in this article.
In principle, the power generation process involves a change of kinetic energy into electrical energy (turning on the generator rotor). The kinetic energy is commonly the case. This is due to the generation of the conventional methods (such as fossil fuel) fuel will be burned to heat water, which in turn will generate the pressure to rotate the rotor. It is then seen and tried to be utilized in the process of osmosis.
Based on the understanding, Osmosis is one of the properties owned by the liquid (fluid) to move through the fluid layer between 2 semiperrmiabel that have different density. Semipermeable layer serves to separate the two layers and can only be penetrated by water, while other particles are retained. So that the direction of movement of fluid from the fluid with a low density to higher density of the fluid to achieve the same density.
This will result in the displacement of fluid volume changes that also result in pressure on the fluid side is more concentrated. This pressure would then cause the movement of fluid and pressure that can be used as a source of kinetic energy. The concept is then used in power plants with the concept of osmosis technique with the use of seawater. By utilizing the density of sea water and pure water, generating electricity by osmosis technique can be developed.
To better understand the process of osmosis, can be seen in the image below.

On the initial conditions

During the process of osmosis has reached the point of balance
Osmosis technique is used at power plants have two distinct types, namely the PLO SHEOPP Converter and Underground Plant.
SHEOPP Converter
SHEOP Converter is a power plant installed at the bottom of the sea surface. Principles used in these plants is to use sea water as the fluid is concentrated, and utilize the flow of a river or dam which serves as a less dense fluid. Laying the basis of this plant on account of the towing also content of different heights and density of sea water itself. This factor is affecting the electrical energy that can later be resurrected.

SHEOPP Conversion Plant

PLO Underground Plant
In principle, this type of power plant Undergorund PLO has the same working prinsio SHEOPP Converter. The difference lies in the placement of plants. If the SHEOPP Converter, generator placed on the seabed to make sure the pressure and amount of fluid is right, then at power generating plant type Undergorund PLO laid under the ground. It is based to bring the pressure differential, with water from rivers or dams and sea water to the lower pressure level. For more details, can be seen in the figure below:

PLO Underground Plant
However, like many other renewable energy generation, the concept of osmosis plant with a technique still got a lot of challenges. This corresponds to a factor - a factor of quality, quantity, and economically unfavorable. The problems mainly focused on the ability of semipermeable layer as an important part of this technique, and also the cost factor needed to produce electrical energy per Watt-nya.Oleh because it's still a little power plant that was developed with this technique.
Development of plants with this technique until now, there are only a few places, such as the company Starkraft in Tofte, Norway and Eddy Potash Mine in New Mexico. Even when it was first built, the power plant in Norway is only able to produce several kilo-Watt that if converted to heat water for only 1-2 kettle.
Attention on this plant was finally draw some parties to examine and explore further. One is concern for increased work on the side semipermiabelnya layer. However, as time went on, not something that is not possible if the future generation with this technique can be one part of the basic system of power plants with renewable energy.